4/15/2020 Eapol Hmac Aircrack For Mac
How to install aircrack-ng suite to your Raspberry Pi. Installing aircrack-ng suite (for airodump-ng, airbase-ng and so on) is really easy and pretty quick: First we want to install libssl-dev or we will have some problems with aircrack-ng: apt-get -y install libssl-dev Now we can install aircrack-ng (We need working internet connection here). Updates the message authentication code computation with a block of data. Func finalize - HMAC.MAC. (HMAC.MAC, authenticating: Unsafe Raw Buffer Pointer, using: Symmetric Key) - Bool. Returns a Boolean indicating whether the given code is valid for a block of data stored in a buffer.
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The purpose of this step is to put your card into what is called monitor mode. Monitor mode is the mode whereby your card can listen to every packet in the air. Normally your card will only “hear” packets addressed to you. By hearing every packet, we can later capture the WPA/WPA2 4-way handshake. As well, it will allow us to optionally deauthenticate a wireless client in a later step.The exact procedure for enabling monitor mode varies depending on the driver you are using. To determine the driver (and the correct procedure to follow), run the following command: airmon-ngOn a machine with a Ralink, an Atheros and a Broadcom wireless card installed, the system responds: Interface Chipset Driverrausb0 Ralink RT73 rt73wlan0 Broadcom b43 - phy0wifi0 Atheros madwifi-ngath0 Atheros madwifi-ng VAP (parent: wifi0)The presence of a phy0 tag at the end of the driver name is an indicator for mac80211, so the Broadcom card is using a mac80211 driver.
Note that mac80211 is supported only since aircrack-ng v1.0-rc1, and it won’t work with v0.9.1. Both entries of the Atheros card show “madwifi-ng” as the driver – follow the madwifi-ng-specific steps to set up the Atheros card. Finally, the Ralink shows neither of these indicators, so it is using an ieee80211 driver – see the generic instructions for setting it up. Step 1a – Setting up madwifi-ng. First stop ath0 by entering: airmon-ng stop ath0The system responds: Interface Chipset Driverwifi0 Atheros madwifi-ngath0 Atheros madwifi-ng VAP (parent: wifi0) (VAP destroyed)Enter “iwconfig” to ensure there are no other athX interfaces.
It should look similar to this: lo no wireless extensions.eth0 no wireless extensions.wifi0 no wireless extensions.If there are any remaining athX interfaces, then stop each one. When you are finished, run “iwconfig” to ensure there are none left.Now, enter the following command to start the wireless card on channel 9 in monitor mode: airmon-ng start wifi0 9Note: In this command we use “wifi0” instead of our wireless interface of “ath0”. Unlike madwifi-ng, you do not need to remove the wlan0 interface when setting up mac80211 drivers. Instead, use the following command to set up your card in monitor mode on channel 9: airmon-ng start wlan0 9The system responds: Interface Chipset Driverwlan0 Broadcom b43 - phy0(monitor mode enabled on mon0)Notice that airmon-ng enabled monitor-mode on mon0. So, the correct interface name to use in later parts of the tutorial is mon0. Wlan0 is still in regular (managed) mode, and can be used as usual, provided that the AP that wlan0 is connected to is on the same channel as the AP you are attacking, and you are not performing any channel-hopping.To confirm successful setup, run “iwconfig”.
The following output should appear: lo no wireless extensions. Ath0 is the interface name.Important: Do NOT use the “- -ivs” option. You must capture the full packets.Here what it looks like if a wireless client is connected to the network: CH 9 Elapsed: 4 s 2007-03-24 16:58 WPA handshake: 00:14:6C:7E:40:80BSSID PWR RXQ Beacons #Data, #/s CH MB ENC CIPHER AUTH ESSID00:14:6C:7E:40:80 39 100 51 116 14 9 54 WPA2 CCMP PSK teddyBSSID STATION PWR Lost Packets Probes00:14:6C:7E:40:80 00:0F:B5:FD:FB:C2 35 0 116In the screen above, notice the “WPA handshake: 00:14:6C:7E:40:80” in the top right-hand corner. This means airodump-ng has successfully captured the four-way handshake.Here it is with no connected wireless clients: CH 9 Elapsed: 4 s 2007-03-24 17:51BSSID PWR RXQ Beacons #Data, #/s CH MB ENC CIPHER AUTH ESSID00:14:6C:7E:40:80 39 100 51 0 0 9 54 WPA2 CCMP PSK teddyBSSID STATION PWR Lost Packets Probes Troubleshooting Tip. See the below for ideas.To see if you captured any handshake packets, there are two ways. Watch the airodump-ng screen for “ WPA handshake: 00:14:6C:7E:40:80” in the top right-hand corner.
This means a four-way handshake was successfully captured. See just above for an example screenshot.Use Wireshark and apply a filter of “eapol”. This displays only eapol packets you are interested in. Thus you can see if capture contains 0,1,2,3 or 4 eapol packets. Step 3 – Use aireplay-ng to deauthenticate the wireless client. This step is optional. If you are patient, you can wait until airodump-ng captures a handshake when one or more clients connect to the AP.
You only perform this step if you opted to actively speed up the process. The other constraint is that there must be a wireless client currently associated with the AP. If there is no wireless client currently associated with the AP, then you have to be patient and wait for one to connect to the AP so that a handshake can be captured. Needless to say, if a wireless client shows up later and airodump-ng did not capture the handshake, you can backtrack and perform this step.This step sends a message to the wireless client saying that that it is no longer associated with the AP.
The wireless client will then hopefully reauthenticate with the AP. The reauthentication is what generates the 4-way authentication handshake we are interested in collecting. This is what we use to break the WPA/WPA2 pre-shared key.Based on the output of airodump-ng in the previous step, you determine a client which is currently connected. You need the MAC address for the following. Open another console session and enter: aireplay-ng -0 1 -a 00:14:6C:7E:40:80 -c 00:0F:B5:FD:FB:C2 ath0Where:.
The purpose of this step is to actually crack the WPA/WPA2 pre-shared key. To do this, you need a dictionary of words as input. Basically, aircrack-ng takes each word and tests to see if this is in fact the pre-shared key.There is a small dictionary that comes with aircrack-ng – “password.lst”. This file can be found in the “test” directory of the aircrack-ng source code. The has an extensive list of dictionary sources. You can use (JTR) to generate your own list and pipe them into.
Using JTR in conjunction with aircrack-ng is beyond the scope of this tutorial.Open another console session and enter: aircrack-ng -w password.lst -b 00:14:6C:7E:40:80 psk.capWhere:.cap is name of group of files containing the captured packets. Notice in this case that we used the wildcard. to include multiple files.Here is typical output when there are no handshakes found: Opening psk-01.capOpening psk-02.capOpening psk-03.capOpening psk-04.capRead 1827 packets.No valid WPA handshakes found.When this happens you either have to redo step 3 (deauthenticating the wireless client) or wait longer if you are using the passive approach.
When using the passive approach, you have to wait until a wireless client authenticates to the AP.Here is typical output when handshakes are found: Opening psk-01.capOpening psk-02.capOpening psk-03.capOpening psk-04.capRead 1827 packets.# BSSID ESSID Encryption1 00:14:6C:7E:40:80 teddy WPA (1 handshake)Choosing first network as target.Now at this point, aircrack-ng will start attempting to crack the pre-shared key. Depending on the speed of your CPU and the size of the dictionary, this could take a long time, even days.Here is what successfully cracking the pre-shared key looks like: Aircrack-ng 0.800:00:00 2 keys tested (37.20 k/s)KEY FOUND! 12345678 Master Key: CD 69 0D 11 8E AC AA C5 C5 EC BB 59 85 7D 49 3EB8 A6 13 C5 4A 72 82 38 ED C3 7E 2C 59 5E AB FDTranscient Key: 06 F8 BB F3 B1 55 AE EE 1F 66 AE 51 1F F8 12 98CE 8A 9D A0 FC ED A6 DE 70 84 BA 90 83 7E CD 40FF 1D 41 E1 65 17 93 0E 64 32 BF 25 50 D5 4A 5E2B 20 90 8C EA 32 15 A6 26 62 93 27 66 66 E0 71EAPOL HMAC: 4E 27 D9 5B 00 91 53 57 88 9C 66 C8 B1 29 D1 CB Troubleshooting Tips. Your monitor card must be in the same mode as the both the client and Access Point.
So, for example, if your card was in “B” mode and the client/AP were using “G” mode, then you would not capture the handshake. This is especially important for new APs and clients which may be “turbo” mode and/or other new standards. Some drivers allow you to specify the mode. Also, iwconfig has an option “modulation” that can sometimes be used. Do “man iwconfig” to see the options for “modulation”.
For information, 1, 2, 5.5 and 11Mbit are ‘b’, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54Mbit are ‘g’. If you use the deauth technique, send the absolute minimum of packets to cause the client to reauthenticate. Normally this is a single deauth packet. Sending an excessive number of deauth packets may cause the client to fail to reconnect and thus it will not generate the four-way handshake. As well, use directed deauths, not broadcast.
To confirm the client received the deauthentication packets, use tcpdump or similar to look for ACK packets back from the client. If you did not get an ACK packet back, then the client did not “hear” the deauthentication packet. Review your captured data using the to see if you can identify the problem. Such as missing AP packets, missing client packets, etc.Unfortunately, sometimes you need to experiment a bit to get your card to properly capture the four-way handshake. The point is, if you don’t get it the first time, have patience and experiment a bit. It can be done!Another approach is to use Wireshark to review and analyze your packet capture. This can sometimes give you clues as to what is wrong and thus some ideas on how to correct it.
The is a companion to this tutorial and walks you through what a “normal” WPA connection looks like. As well, see the for detailed information on how to use Wireshark.In an ideal world, you should use a wireless device dedicated to capturing the packets. This is because some drivers such as the RTL8187L driver do not capture packets the card itself sends. Also, always use the driver versions specified on the wiki. This is because some older versions of the drivers such as the RT73 driver did not capture client packets.When using Wireshark, the filter “eapol” will quickly display only the EAPOL packets. Based on what EAPOL packets are actually in the capture, determine your correction plan.
For example, if you are missing the client packets then try to determine why and how to collect client packets.To dig deep into the packet analysis, you must start airodump-ng without a BSSID filter and specify the capture of the full packet, not just IVs. Needless to say, it must be locked to the AP channel. The reason for eliminating the BSSID filter is to ensure all packets including acknowledgments are captured. With a BSSID filter, certain packets are dropped from the capture.Every packet sent by client or AP must be acknowledged.
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This is done with an “acknowledgment” packet which has a destination MAC of the device which sent the original packet. If you are trying to deauthenticate a client, one thing to check is that you receive the “ack” packet. This confirms the client received the deauth packet. Failure to receive the “ack” packet likely means that the client is out of transmission range. Thus failure.When it comes to analyzing packet captures, it is impossible to provide detailed instructions. I have touched on some techniques and areas to look at. This is an area which requires effort to build your skills on both WPA/WPA2 plus how to use Wireshark.
Aircrack-ng says “0 handshakes”.
We can probably help you, but not with the limited information you provide. The reference question had a number of comments and a technique to start but you did not provide a trace nor do you say if you followed the procedure described.There are MANY reasons why one can't get this to work. Are you on the right frequency band? Are you on the right channel? Do you know how to identify the device under review?Having the key entered will not help the capture - it will decrypt if you get the 4-way eapol frames, but has no impact on capture. Make sure you shutdown the network manager as well - one of those commands above may do it (I don't use the aircrack-ng scripts so don't know exactly what they do) so suggest to shutdown the network manager and make sure the proper channel is set, and follow the procedure described in the other question. If you don't have any luck, post a trace and we can figure out why it doesn't work.
I've configured moni0 interface with below command:iw phy phy0 interface add moni0 type monitorthenifconfig moni0 upandifconfig wlan0 downMy AP channel is 11 so I typed:iw moni0 set channel 11iw dev command output without addr is:phy#0Interface moni0ifindex 4wdev 0x2type monitorchannel 11 (2462 MHz), width: 20 MHz (no HT), center1: 2462 MHztxpower 20.00 dBmInterface wlan0ifindex 3wdev 0x1type managedtxpower 20.00 dBmEven if I did those, when I capture packets with moni0 on Wireshark. I cannot see EAPOL packets and even my AP's SSID.
There are just 802.11 protocols with encrypted data. Your commands for prepping the interface look OK, but you should see beacons from your AP. These are sent at relatively low rates so are generally easily picked up.
Where are you looking for your AP's SSID? It should be present in probe responses, and is likely in a beacon, but it is possible to mask by configuration in the beacons.If you are seeing 802.11 frames in Wireshark, but not yours, I can only imagine the AP is really off, or you are on the wrong channel. Even with all the capability stuff we have to deal with now, your should see SOME traffic - beacons, ACKs, etc (i.e. Mgmt and control frames) are generally sent at low rates so are easy to pickup. The hard part is the unicast data frames.Other wifi chipsets have issues picking up unicast frames and perhaps the behavior you are seeing is consistent with that type of issue; a trace would confirm that you get nothing but broadcast and multicast frames.
However, I discount this because I have never seen that adapter referenced have this problem. TP-Link TL-WN722N has an Atheros chipset which works well for many. If you put a short trace in cloudshark we may be able to identify what the issue is faster. I looked at the capture and it looks good.
You have all traffic types - multicast/unicast/broadcast, up to MCS7 for 802.11bgn. This is consistent with the TP-Link capture adapter. These are some data frames I pulled out that are encrypted:I don't know the device you want to decrypt from so could not analyze signal strength. Let's pretend it's healthy, so when running a capture like you have here, did you reboot the device, or otherwise have it connect to this SSID, on this channel? If the device in question is capable of both 2.4 and 5 GHz, it may prefer 5 GHz.
Since your capture is only 2.4, you would miss it. You need to force things - set the AP to have the SSID on only 2.4GHz, and then reboot the device or otherwise have it connect. Post that trace if you don't see the eapol frames - also look for the whole sequence of request/response frames:ProbeAuthenticationAssociationEAPOLDo you see any of these? Is the device in question in this trace? The trace looks healthy except for what you say is not there.Enterprise should not matter. That will end in a 4-way handshake.
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With WPA2-Personal, there is only a 4-way EAPOL handshake after probing/authentication/associating.I looked through the trace again and there is are a couple of probes from devices not connected to that BSSID, so no auth/assoc/eapol action. Just to be clear: start the capture, then have the device leave that SSID. Then have it come back - you can move to another network, or reboot, or whatever, but it has to leave and then come back. When it (re)associates, it will rekey so will go through the 4-way process again.The beacon says four devices are on that SSID, but Wireshark really only shows two:Omnipeek shows three:I can't explain the discrepancy, nor find that fourth device. If you found the answer useful to the the question, please accept the answer for others.What is the cause of this? I can see port 443 data but cannot see port 80's data.Functionally, there is no difference.
Maybe you are only using https and not http? Also the eapol frames are generally easy to get - but I expect you may have some problems capturing actual data. Your capture device is a single stream while the AP supports two spatial streams. If a client connects that supports two spatial streams, and has a healthy RSSI, it will usually use a higher MCS index than your capture device will support so you will miss those frames. You will, however, still pickup control frames as these are usually sent at low data rates.The HT IE in the beacon tells us what the AP supports, and the probe requests and association requests from the client will tell you what the client supports. I haven't seen those for the device so I can't comment.
Something to watch out for.
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